A Sustainable Model for Environmental Preservation and the Realization of Civil Society

Abstract

Environmental degradation and deforestation have become critical global issues that challenge the Islamic moral framework of human responsibility as khalifah fil ardh (steward of the earth). Within this context, the concept of forest waqf—an Islamic endowment dedicated to environmental preservation—embodies the principles of Islamic eco-theology, integrating faith-based ethics with sustainability efforts. This study aims to analyze the theological foundation and sustainability potential of forest waqf as a model for ecological conservation and civil society development. Using a qualitative-descriptive method through literature review and analysis of existing eco-waqf practices in Indonesia, the study identifies that forest waqf reflects the values of amanah (trust), maslahah (public good), and social justice. The results indicate that forest waqf contributes to ecological balance while empowering local communities. The study concludes that forest waqf represents a holistic Islamic framework linking theology, social empowerment, and ecological ethics, offering a sustainable path toward realizing a just and environmentally conscious madani (civilized) society.