Islamic Ethical Perspectives on the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education

Abstract

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational systems presents not only technological benefits but also profound ethical challenges. This study explores how Islamic ethical principles; ‘adl (justice), amanah (trustworthiness), and ihsan (benevolence) can serve as moral foundations for  the ethical use of AI in education. Employing a qualitative-descriptive design with an Islamic philosophical hermeneutic approach, the research draws on classical sources such as al-Ghazali’s Ihya’ Ulum al-Din and al-Attas’s Islam and Secularism, as well as contemporary studies on AI ethics. The findings reveal that integrating Islamic ethics within AI-based education can align technological advancement with the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah; preserving faith, intellect, and human dignity. Specifically, ‘adl ensures algorithmic fairness, amanah guides responsible data use, and ihsan promotes compassionate, learner-centered technology. The proposed Maqāṣid-Based Islamic Ethical AI Framework bridges global AI ethical principles; fairness, transparency, and accountability with spiritual and moral dimensions unique to Islamic thought. Consequently, this study highlights the necessity of embedding ethicalspiritual awareness in educational technology to ensure that AI enhances both academic performance and moral formation, contributing to human flourishing within  aith-based learning environments.